PROPHYLACTIC POTENCY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Momordica balsamina L. AGAINST AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS-1 INFECTION IN BROILER CHICKENS

Ampitan, Titus; Garba, Muhammad Haruna; Adekambi, Dende Ibrahim; Ampitan, Abosede; Adelakun, Kehinde

doi:10.21608/ejap.2023.163641.1049

PROPHYLACTIC POTENCY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Momordica balsamina L. AGAINST AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS-1 INFECTION IN BROILER CHICKENS

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Federal College of Wildlife Management, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, P.M.B. 268, New Bussa, Niger State, Nigeria

² Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Jigawa State, Nigeria

³ Ecole de Foresterie Tropicale, Universite Nationale d’Agriculture, Porto – Novo, Benin Republic

⁴ Department of Forestry Technology, Federal College of Forestry, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, P.M. B. 5087, Ibadan, Nigeria

⁵ Federal College of Wildlife Management of Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria P.M.B. 268,

10.21608/ejap.2023.163641.1049

Abstract

The potency of Momordica balsamina extract against avian paramyxovirus-1 (Newcastle Disease Virus) (Kudu 113) was investigated in this study. Thirty, 5-week-old broiler birds were used for the experiment and were grouped in a completely randomised design with each group consisting of 5 birds. Group, I was a positive control, and group II was the negative control. The extract was administered prophylactically at doses of 200, 250, 300 and 350 mg/kg bw to groups III to VI respectively. Thereafter, all the groups were challenged with the strain of ND (Kudu 113) virus on seventh week to induce infection. The birds were monitored for 21 days for the symptoms of Newcastle Disease. No hemorrhagic lesion on the liver of all the groups administered with the extract was observed except group III which was administered 200 mg/kg BW of the extract. The mortality rate was 20% in group VI and 40% in group V. The clinical sign score was between 1 and 2 in groups III to VI and there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the level of cholesterol and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in the groups administered with the extract and the positive control (Group I) though there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the level of Aspartate transaminase (AST). Low levels of serum ALP and Alanine transferase (ALT) were also observed in the groups administered with the various doses of the extract compared to the positive control. The study demonstrated the potency of Momordica balsamina extract against the avian paramyxovirus -1 in the experiment.

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